From — he engaged France in the Franco-Dutch War. In , he led a war between France and the Grand Alliance. By the s, Louis XIV generated public hostility. He died in Versailles, France, on September 1, Louis XIV had a brother named Philippe, who was two years younger. Not much more than a toddler, Louis XIV succeeded his father to the throne, becoming the leader of 19 million French subjects and a highly unstable government.
Over the course of his childhood, Louis XIV was primed as a leader, receiving a practical education rather than a scholarly one. In an attempt to overthrow the crown, they waged a civil war, called the Fronde, against its supporters. Throughout the long war, Louis XIV suffered many hardships, including poverty and starvation. After the civil war ended, Mazarin began to build an elaborate administration as Louis XIV stood by and observed his mentor.
The marriage ensured ratification of the peace treaty that Mazarin had sought to establish with Hapsburg Spain. It wasn't until Mazarin died in , when Louis XIV was in his 20s, that the young king finally took control of the French government.
Upon assuming full responsibility for the kingdom, Louis XIV quickly set about reforming France according to his own vision. His first goal as absolute monarch was to centralize and rein in control of France. During his reign, Louis XIV managed to improve France's disorganized system of taxation and limit formerly haphazard borrowing practices.
He also conveniently declared members of nobility exempt from paying taxes, causing them to become even more fiscally dependent on the crown.
In implementing administrative reforms toward a more orderly and stable French government, Louis XIV forced provincial nobles to relinquish their former political influence. However, this rediscovery of Ancient Greece was not rejected by the royalty. To the contrary, it would have significant influence on artistic creation and is the reason for which sculptures at the Chateau de Versailles are inspired by Greek mythology. In literary works it was common to represent Louis XIV as Hercules in order to compare him to a powerful character and in architecture, the use of the ionic column on the facades of the Chateau de Versailles and even the interior decoration of the Saint-Louis Cathedral show a veritable resurgence of ancient art.
The era of Louis XIV in Versailles is not at all a reflection of the harmony seen at the Palace but rather of the inconsistencies prevalent during the Baroque movement. While at its height, scientific advances and philosophical works began to challenge the monarchy and plant the seeds of revolution that Louis XVI and Marie-Antoinette would be a part of.
Before the war, he worked to strengthen ties with Great Britain and Russia against the growing threat of In December , French officer Alfred Dreyfus was convicted of treason by a military court-martial and sentenced to life in prison for his alleged crime of passing military secrets to the Germans. The Jewish artillery captain, convicted on flimsy evidence in a highly irregular Huguenots were French Protestants in the 16th and 17th centuries who followed the teachings of theologian John Calvin.
Persecuted by the French Catholic government during a violent period, Huguenots fled the country in the 17th century, creating Huguenot settlements all over Live TV. This Day In History. History Vault.
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